A student asked me about the following sentence from this lesson:
After heating, the resulting mixture is ground, and cement is produced.
The student asked why I wrote after heating instead of after being heated.
Both phrases are correct, but can anyone explain why? What is the difference, in terms of grammar, between these two alternatives?
In my opinion, I think you talked
about the change for a long time not just recently , so you used after heating instead of after being heated
Posted by: chau | April 18, 2019 at 11:32
Nice blog on IELTS.
We will use it to improve our syllabus, in our classes.
Posted by: Kamini Kapoor | April 18, 2019 at 13:26
Helpful website
Posted by: Shiblu Miah | April 18, 2019 at 15:24
sir, after heating is progressive verb while after being heated is passive progressive.Both are correct.
Posted by: Pachu | April 18, 2019 at 16:50
Helo coach Simon i gain alot from your lessons and i keep following the language is simple and systematic but how can u help me evaluate my essays
Posted by: Nabukwasi Lornah | April 18, 2019 at 21:32
https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=After+shaking+%26%2344%3B%2CAfter+being+shaken+%26%2344%3B%2CAfter+driving+%26%2344%3B%2CAfter+being+driven+%26%2344%3B%2CAfter+shaking+%26%2344%3B%2C+After+being+shaken+%26%2344%3B&year_start=1960&year_end=2008&corpus=15&smoothing=3&share=&direct_url=t1%3B%2CAfter%20shaking%20%2C%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2CAfter%20being%20shaken%20%2C%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2CAfter%20driving%20%2C%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2CAfter%20being%20driven%20%2C%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2CAfter%20shaking%20%2C%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2CAfter%20being%20shaken%20%2C%3B%2Cc0
https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=After+heating+%26%2344%3B%2CAfter+being+heated+%26%2344%3B%2CAfter+painting+%26%2344%3B%2CAfter+dipping+%26%2344%3B%2CAfter+being+painted+%26%2344%3B%2CAfter+being+dipped+%26%2344%3B%2CAfter+cleaning+%26%2344%3B%2CAfter+being+cleaned+%26%2344%3B%2CAfter+baking+%26%2344%3B%2CAfter+being+baked+%26%2344%3B%2C&year_start=1960&year_end=2008&corpus=15&smoothing=3&share=&direct_url=t1%3B%2CAfter%20heating%20%2C%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2CAfter%20being%20heated%20%2C%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2CAfter%20painting%20%2C%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2CAfter%20dipping%20%2C%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2CAfter%20being%20painted%20%2C%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2CAfter%20being%20dipped%20%2C%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2CAfter%20cleaning%20%2C%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2CAfter%20being%20cleaned%20%2C%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2CAfter%20baking%20%2C%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2CAfter%20being%20baked%20%2C%3B%2Cc0
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ergative_verb#In_English
The graphs show that for some 'ergative' verbs, the passive gerund is less commonly used.
Posted by: Oleg | April 18, 2019 at 21:42
After heating is a simple clause, followed by a passive sentence. It looks more natural and flowing language. While being heated is a simply passive sentence.
Posted by: Iqra | April 18, 2019 at 23:34
I think "heating" as in "after heating" is a noun referring to the process of supplying heat to the mixture. Meanwhile, in the other alternative, the passive form of the verb "heat" is used, and the subject "the mixture" is reduced as it is the same in both clauses.
By the way, I would like to express my sincere gratitute to you, Simon. Thanks to your valuable lessons, I have got an 8 in Ielts writing. I'll continue to visit your blog everyday as I've been doing for the past 5 years, so please keep sharing! Many thanks!
Posted by: Lucy | April 19, 2019 at 03:10
I'm sorry, I made a typo. I mean "gratitude".
Posted by: Lucy | April 19, 2019 at 03:14
Lucy's correct.
'heating' here is a gerund (a verb being used as a noun)
'being heated' is using the verb form
Well done Lucy. It is very rare to achieve 8 in writing and you need to eliminate 90% of your grammar and vocabulary errors to do so.
Posted by: sjm | April 19, 2019 at 04:47
In English there are just a very few pairs of verbs with similar meanings where one must have an object and the other must not.
As the graph below shows, which is the most common depends on the meaning. For example, "After laying, the chickens ...." vs "After being laid, the [eggs] ..."
https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=After+laying+%26%2344%3B%2CAfter+rising+%26%2344%3B%2CAfter+raising+%26%2344%3B%2CAfter+falling+%26%2344%3B%2CAfter+being+felled+%26%2344%3B%2CAfter+laying+%26%2344%3B+the+*%2CAfter+being+laid+%26%2344%3B+*&year_start=1960&year_end=2008&corpus=15&smoothing=3&share=&direct_url=t1%3B%2CAfter%20laying%20%2C%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2CAfter%20rising%20%2C%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2CAfter%20raising%20%2C%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2CAfter%20falling%20%2C%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2CAfter%20being%20felled%20%2C%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2CAfter%20laying%20%2C%20the%20female%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2CAfter%20being%20laid%20%2C%20the%3B%2Cc0#t1%3B%2CAfter%20laying%20%2C%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2CAfter%20rising%20%2C%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2CAfter%20raising%20%2C%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2CAfter%20falling%20%2C%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2CAfter%20being%20felled%20%2C%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2CAfter%20laying%20%2C%20the%20female%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2CAfter%20being%20laid%20%2C%20the%3B%2Cc0
http://rubyworks.github.io/english/grammar/gramch11.html
Posted by: Csaj | April 19, 2019 at 05:40
Hi everyone,
As far as I know, "After heating" implies that something happens generally and regularly. It means whenever process takes place, heating is a part of it.
But "after being treated" means it is happening presently, or as we speak, but may not happen in the future.
I hope I am right.
TNX
Posted by: Parviz | April 19, 2019 at 06:21
Parviz
No, it depends on the tense of the main verb.
A) The samples conserve their cylindrical shape after being heated.
B) The samples conserved their cylindrical shape after being heated.
C) The samples have conserved their cylindrical shape after being heated.
(A) is a generalization; the others are not.
Posted by: Beyonce | April 19, 2019 at 07:42
Because in this example, heating means getting hot
Posted by: Cuongho | April 19, 2019 at 14:14
I think in this sentence, "heating" is a noun and it indicates the process of something being heated
Posted by: Clair | April 19, 2019 at 16:57
i guess that "after heating"means the this process ends while "after being heated" means the exact material has been heated.
Posted by: hong | April 20, 2019 at 02:12
Active and passive forms of gerund have been used in these two sentences
Posted by: Nafisa | April 20, 2019 at 08:10
both sentences are correct because the purpose of person speaking this is to focus on the result, not action.
Posted by: Mickey | April 22, 2019 at 05:28
FROM SIMON:
Lucy and sjm gave us the right answer:
'heating' here is a gerund (a verb being used as a noun)
'being heated' is using the verb form
So, "after heating" is similar (grammatically) to "after production" (after + noun).
Posted by: Simon | April 25, 2019 at 13:58
Hi lucy
Can you please share with us how did you study؟
Posted by: mahan | June 04, 2019 at 10:29
well, in the phrase after heating, "heating" searves as a noun, while in the other one "heat" is used as a verb.
Posted by: bonnie | June 11, 2019 at 14:00
Hello everyone! saeed is my name and this is my first day to this flat form.I am going to use this chance to introduce myself to this wonderful site created by sir simon , well done sir!
Posted by: saeed | August 07, 2019 at 10:08